Antecedents of Service Innovation System †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Examine about the Antecedents of Service Innovation System. Answer: Presentation BDO is one of the greatest Australian organizations who give business and warning administrations. It is dissected that there are numerous administrations like corporate account, riches the board and furthermore money related arranging that is thought about by the organization. The vision proclamation of the organization is to be a pioneer so great administrations can be offered by considering the traits like correspondence, worth, and prerequisite of the purchasers. Likewise, the organization serves to the administration, media, money related administrations, and car enterprises. BDO was built up in the year 1975 and by and by organization is situated in Sydney, Australia. There are in excess of 72000 representatives who are leading the normal exercises of the organization. BDO offers administrations to the clients in excess of 160 countries all inclusive (BDO Australia, 2018). In this paper, the authoritative structure of the organization will be clarified by offering compelling administrations to the clients. The association has a legitimate authoritative structure that will help in directing the exercises of the organization. Additionally, it is dissected that there are numerous interior and outside powers which are giving effect on the exercises of the association. The organization gives bookkeeping and business warning administrations to numerous Australian organizations and to the people. The organization has a precise authoritative structure by which the organization can without much of a stretch oversee and lead the exercises in an appropriate way. The authoritative structure of the organization is progressive wherein the headings are given from top-level administration to low-level administration. It is seen that in the top administration there are CEO and chiefs who offer duty to the subordinates with the goal that exercises can be directed. The degree of the board is partitioned into numerous divisions like bookkeeping administrations, warning administrations and secretarial administrations (Christensen, Dhaliwal, Boivie Graffin, 2015). The exercises directed by the organization in the warning division are successful however it is seen that there are numerous inward and outer powers which are given impact on the general development of the organization. Outside variables which are giving effect are political, social, monetary and innovative components. It is dissected that in Australia there are numerous choices identified with legislative issues which are given by the administration. It has given effect on the examining and bookkeeping organizations with the goal that the progressions can be made in the exercises of the association. With the adjustment in the administration rules and guidelines, it is seen that guidelines and assessments are likewise changed (Bleda Shackley, 2008). New enactment and method of the legislature have given impact on the exercises of the bookkeeping organizations. The circumstance in Australia identified with governmental issues has strength and furthermore it is seen that there are gift ed and taught laborers. It causes the organization to build the exercises of the association by concentrating on recruiting the accomplished representatives. The monetary state of Australia is acceptable and there are numerous assets which pull in outside speculation from various countries. The financial elements are identified with the joblessness rate and furthermore it is seen that monetary conditions give sway on the exercises of the organization. There are numerous open doors accessible for the organization to lead the exercises in a legitimate way. It is investigated that in Australian market the administration segment is the greatest patron so it tends to be simple for them to lead the exercises and can accomplish the general gainfulness. It is significant for the organization to accentuate on the altered arranging with the goal that the exercises can be overseen in a legitimate way (Prajogo McDermott, 2014). It very well may be helpful for both the clients and for the association. Social factor likewise assumes an incredible job to direct the exercises in a smooth manner. In the ongoing situation, the people are getting mindful of the administrations identified with inspecting and bookkeeping. The people are reaching the organizations like BDO for taking counsel identified with charge. It is additionally observed that interest for the BDO has improved in the Australian culture. Innovation likewise assumes an incredible job in the administrations identified with warning and bookkeeping. It is seen that for the organization, it is basic to guarantee that most recent innovation are thought about with the goal that exercises can be led easily. There are different inner components which give sway on the development of the association. The inward factor of the association thinks about quality and shortcomings. The quality of the organization is that there are different administrations offered to the clients as a top monetary consultancy. The organization has additionally enlisted the competitors who offer guidance to the individuals identified with duty and organizations (Porter Kramer, 2019). By concentrating on the Australian market it is seen that the organization has a chance to improve the general exercises of the organization. Shortcomings that are controlled by the organization sway on the brand picture of the organization. The shortcomings of the organization are identified with powerless data innovation that impact at the hour of dealing with the data of the individuals. It is hard for them to consider and oversee innovation and bookkeeping programming in a legitimate way. The organization is attempting to be a stan dout amongst other warning firms in the Australian market. Likewise, it is troublesome in light of the high charges and skill. The organization likewise has a less perceivability of the brand in the Australian market if an examination is made with the contenders (Rosemann vom Brocke, 2015). By accomplishing advantages and openings, the organization needs to confront numerous dangers at the hour of directing business in Australia. It is seen that probably the greatest hazard is identified with the general vacillation in the financial framework. It is likewise giving effect on the choices identified with speculation and exchange of the organization. Next hazard is likewise identified with the cybersecurity as there are issues of digital assaults that is improving in the market (Lam, 2014). The organization has the data of the clients and furthermore the bank subtleties. It is seen that with the expansion in the quantity of programmers the possibility of robbery likewise improves. Likewise, the association is confronting the operational hazard which impacts the adequacy of the association. To lessen the dangers and furthermore to improve the exhibition of the association, the organization should think about significant choices so the exercises can be directed. The human asset additionally plays an essential to finish the exercises of the organization in a powerful way. It is significant for the organization to execute the representative commitment procedure so inspiration level can be improved by the workers towards the exercises that are relegated (Armstrong Taylor, 2014). It ought to likewise consider center and low-level workers during the time spent dynamic so they can be persuaded and direct the exercises with productivity. This is the most ideal manner by which the organization can without much of a stretch improve the presentation of the representatives. The organization ought to likewise stress on the preparation program for its IT division with the goal that they can expand its exercises and innovation. It will assist with expanding the information on the repr esentatives and direct effect on the exercises that are led in the association (Marchington, Wilkinson, Donnelly Kynighou, 2016). It is seen that by thinking about above practices the association can without much of a stretch improve the exhibition and development. In the event that capacities are kept up than it tends to be anything but difficult to achieve business system in a compelling way (Erasmus, Strydom, Rudansky-Kloppers, 2016). The general elements of the organization are advertising, money and human asset exercises. Human asset assumes a significant job at the hour of leading the exercises of the association (Bratton Gold, 2017). The jobs are allocated to the workers everything being equal. The contact is made with the customers so needs and needs can be broke down. They offer the clients by offering administrations in an appropriate way. Showcasing is additionally one of the significant elements of promoting. There is an absence of brand nearness in the market so showcasing can help the organization in accomplishing the general system in an appropriate way. The organization can likewise advance the administrations through appropriate advertising. The organization can likewise comprehend the prerequisites of the clients by thinking about the promoting methodologies. Account capacity can help the organization in offering reserves with the goal that destinations can be accomplished by concentrating on legitimate techniques. Along these lines, it is seen that all the capacities can upgrade the exhibition of the organization. It can likewise be straightforward for the organization to lead the exercises a correct way (Wheelen, Hunger, Hoffman Bamford, 2017). End By breaking down the above paper, it very well may be reasoned that the organization is perhaps the biggest organization in the Australian warning industry. By considering efficient authoritative structure the organization is directing the exercises in a smooth way. There are likewise numerous outer and inward factors that are thought of so development can be accomplished by the organization. The organization is additionally confronting hazard identified with digital security that influences the acts of the business. So the organization should concentrate on offering viable administrations so objectives and goals can be cultivated. References Armstrong, M., Taylor, S. (2014).Armstrong's handbook of human asset the board practice. Kogan Page Publishers. BDO Australia. (2018). BDO Australia | Audit | Tax | Advisory - BDO Australia. Recovered from https://www.bdo.com.au/en-au/home. Bleda, M., Shackley, S. (2008). The elements of confidence in environmental change and its dangers in business organisations.Ecological Economics,66(2-3), 517-532. Bratton, J., Gold, J. (2017).Human asset the executives: hypothesis and practice. Palgrave. Christensen, D. M., Dhaliwal, D. S., Boivie,

Strategic Internal Communication Samples †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Examine about the Strategic Internal Communication. Answer: Correspondence is the key of achievement or disappointment of any change program in a working environment. The representatives in present days face different issues in the work environment because of absence of relational abilities; consequently, the associations need to adopt suitable strategies to illuminate the issues. It is important to build up the correspondence style of the representatives with the goal that they can improve their abilities in the working environment. Key representative correspondence model aided in such case. The greater part of the associations neglect to include the workers in the dynamic method. These demonstrations demotivate the workers and they can't acknowledge the progressions without any problem. The more grounded correspondence can assist with building a more grounded relationship in the middle of the representatives and managers. For the powerful correspondence, a portion of the procedures can be taken. The workers need to give full consideration w hile speaking with others and should have undivided attention expertise. While imparting, non-verbal communication assumes the huge job, which makes impact on the others. The outward appearance, articulation, and tome of voice should be firm with the goal that others can get everything. Correspondence is the two way process; subsequently, everybody needs to participate similarly. In such case, the key correspondence model can support the representatives so they can impart viably in the working environment with others and consequently social decent variety can be overseen. A solid domain should be worked in the working environment so the representatives can feel spurred and can take an interest in the key worker correspondence work. The businesses can inspire the workers with the goal that they can effectively participate in various projects that is related by the association to build up the relational abilities. The businesses can utilize eye to eye specialized technique by means of meeting, and messages to speak with the workers about the new approaches, changes and to share other significant data. In the working environment, the worker inspiration assumes the noteworthy job, which can be improved the correspondence ability of the representatives. The associations can orchestrate instructional courses for the representatives so they can build up the aptitudes to alter in the work environment with social decent variety. Article Quotes: Articles Statements Argenti, P.A., 1998. Vital representative communications.Human Resource Management (1986-1998),37(3-4), p.199. The progressions put focus on todays representatives and make the requirement for a progressively organized way to deal with worker correspondence. Hutchinson, S., 2014, July. The significance of correspondence in satisfying the vital job of HRM. InMeeting the Challenges of Human Resource Management: A Communication Perspective, Routledge, New York, NY(pp. 16-26). Correspondence is a fundamental piece of the technique making process and is commonly viewed as basic to the foundation of a solid HRM framework that takes into consideration the making of a hierarchical atmosphere conductive to elite. Men, L.R., 2014. Key inward correspondence: Transformational initiative, correspondence channels, and representative satisfaction.Management Communication Quarterly,28(2), pp.264-284. Through a web overview of 400 representatives working in medium-sized and enormous partnerships in the United States, the examination indicated that transformational administration emphatically impacts the associations balanced inside correspondence and worker social fulfillment. Table 1: Quotes References Argenti, P.A., 1998. Vital worker communications.Human Resource Management (1986-1998),37(3-4), p.199. Hutchinson, S., 2014, July. The significance of correspondence in satisfying the vital job of HRM. InMeeting the Challenges of Human Resource Management: A Communication Perspective, Routledge, New York, NY(pp. 16-26). Men, L.R., 2014. Key inward correspondence: Transformational administration, correspondence channels, and worker fulfillment.

How often should you reference

How often should you reference How often should you reference? Essay referencing can be a headache at university. How many references do you need? When should you use a reference? Should you use references even when you haven't used a direct quotation? How many references are too many? By knowing how to reference properly, you can reduce the stress involved in your essay writing. To help make essay referencing easier, we've tackled a few of those niggling questions that should make the process a little smoother. Why does referencing matter? Including references in your essay is your way to show your markers that you've truly engaged with your subject matter. It is also important as it proves that you've read the key sources which relate to your topic. They additionally show that you've thought carefully about how each source relates to the subject you're writing about. The more helpful references you include, the more well-informed you appear to be about your topic. It’s not always about quantity, either. Quality sources which really inform your essay are really worth including. Including a bibliography is good academic practice. If you go on to study further, write more about your subject or publish your work, giving kudos to the writers whose work you took information and inspiration from is essential. A bibliography also provides a helpful resource you can go back to and use for future work. How many references is too many references? Of course, it is possible to use too many references. If you are using references just to show off all the books you've read, this will be obvious and will not impress your markers. You need to choose the sources which really contribute to your essay; supporting your argument, contesting it or prompting interesting, relevant questions. Remember, markers also want to see evidence of your own, original thinking. Using too many references does not leave much room for your personal standpoint to shine through. As a general rule, you should aim to use one to three, to support each key point you make. This of course depends on subject matter and the point you are discussing, but acts as a good general guide. It can be useful to have a best practice breakdown of your essay to help you work out how many references to use. Here's a rough guide to help you get the balance right for any piece of academic work: Introduction Your introduction should make up approximately 10% of your essay. You may want to use one or two references to define your topic in this section, depending on your word count. Body The main body of your essay (which will include the key points in your argument) should make up approximately 75% of your essay. For example: In a 2000 word essay, you will have 1500 words to use. Each main point you make should typically use 1-3 paragraphs, which should average around 200-400 words in total. This will give you room for around 5 key points, each supported by 2 or 3 references. Try and use direct or primary references where possible. Sometimes you’ll need to use in-text references, too. Conclusion Your conclusion should account for around 15% of your essay. You may wish to use 1-3 references to lend authority to your concluding statements. Of course, it is really hard to suggest exactly how many references your essay should include. This depends totally on the subject matter and word count. A Philosophy essay, for example, may have a lot of critical thinking and be quite theory-heavy, and for this reason you may need more references than a typical English Literature Essay. This is just an example â€" you’ll need to consider your own subject matter and topic. When to use references References aren't just used to give credit for quotations. They can be used to indicate that an idea, concept, fact or theory has come directly from a particular reference. Other instances when references must be used include: Quotes Diagrams Illustrations Charts Pictures And if you've used any information or ideas from: Websites Books Magazines Essays Newspapers Interviews Television Radio Movies Music Computer programmes Any external source Stuck with referencing your essay? At Oxbridge Essays we've written thousands of academically referenced essays. We can work with your course's exact reading materials, or undertake our own research to help you create a perfectly referenced essay with the right amount of references, formatted using your university's chosen system. Get in touch today to find out how we can help you You may also like... Essay exams: how to answer To what extent How to write a masters essay Great essay writing in 8 steps academic writingdissertation writingessay writinguniversitywritingwriting tips

Electronic Commerce And The Internet - 1127 Words

Electronic commerce, commonly known as eCommerce, is a term for any type of business, or commercial transaction that involves the transfer of information across the Internet. Most people believe it is only the buying and selling of product or service over the Internet and other computer networks, but eCommerce is so much more. It covers a range of different types of businesses, from consumer-based retail, through auction or music sites, to business exchanges trading goods and services between corporations (networksolutions.com). It is currently one of the most significant aspects of the Internet to emerge. Ecommerce allows consumers to exchange goods and services without the barriers of time and distance. Electronic commerce has expanded rapidly over the past two decades and, will likely, continue at this rate, or even accelerate. In the near future, the limits between conventional and electronic commerce will become more distorted as more and more businesses move segments of th eir operations onto the Internet. In today’s world, consumers can access a wide variety of products on the web, due to the revolution created by Internet. Ranging from clothes, gadgets, music, books, groceries and more, Internet has facilitated consumers to pick the products of their option and get it delivered to their doorstep. Rather than leaving home to shop, today, people can place orders for the products they need with just a few clicks of the mouse. This resulted in the popularityShow MoreRelatedThe Electronic Commerce And The Internet818 Words   |  4 Pagesjoined Internet in daily life. According to Internet World Stats’ statistics (2012) today more than two billion people linked to the Internet. The Internet mass use promotes the electronic commerce rapid expansion in the 20th century. 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Modern electronic commerceRead MoreE-COMMERCE: ITS DEVELOPMENT AND FUTURE PERSPECTIVES INTRODUCTION E-commerce is a type of business600 Words   |  3 PagesE-COMMERCE: ITS DEVELOPMENT AND FUTURE PERSPECTIVES INTRODUCTION E-commerce is a type of business where individuals, firms and companies engage in business activities over an electronic network mainly internet. It is notable that e-commerce operates in business to consumer, business to business, consumer to business and business to business market segments . The emergence of e-commerce can be attributed to the advent of new technologies, mail order purchasing through a catalog is possible. CurrentlyRead MoreOverview of Electronic Commerce in China Essay1629 Words   |  7 Pages3.2 Overview of Electronic Commerce in China 3.2.1 Internet in China In September 1987, the Chinese Academic Network built the first domestic Internet e-mail node and sent out the first e-mail from China. 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Caffeine the Most Popular Drug in The World - 1079 Words

Coffee and tea have been around for many centuries. Coffee was discovered in the land of Abyssinia or also known as Ethiopia (Pendergrast, 2001). It became one of the many sources to create ideas, a common drink for work or school, and created problems. It is common to buy coffee now from Starbucks, Philz Coffee, or brewing it ourselves. Coffee is use to start out our day and keep us awake. Since discovering coffee, Americans consume it everyday. On the other hand, not only is coffee very popular drink but so is drinking Tea. The discovery of tea is very diverse, it goes through many histories and cultural stories. The history of it started out when the British made tea their representing drink, believing no one else can have it (Mair †¦show more content†¦They are all form in a conjugated way with one or more polysaccharide or monosaccharide connected to hydroxyl groups, sometimes an aromatic carbon will come up even during this sugar link (Pandey, K., Rizvi, S, 2009). An other common compound that are found are carboxylic, organic acids, amines, and lipids (Pandey, K., Rizvi, S, 2009). Polyphenol is classified on how many number of phenol rings it has and the structure of elements that sticks the rings to each other (Pandey, K., Rizvi, S, 2009). The rings are divided into four classes. The four main classes are phenolic acids, flavonoids, stilbenes and lignas (Pandey, K., Rizvi, S, 2009). Phenolic acids have two divided classes, which are derivatives of benzoic acid and cinnamic acid (Pandey, K., Rizvi, S, 2009). In the hydroxycinnamic acids is where it consumes the caffeine (Pandey, K., Rizvi, S, 2009). Flavonoids have a primary structure that contains two aromatic rings which are connected to three carbon atoms that forms from oxygenated heterocycle (Pandey, K., Rizvi, S, 2009). They are responsible for producing the color in leaves and flowers (Pandey, K., Rizvi, S, 2009). Stilbenes have two phenyl moieties that are attached to two-carbon methylene bridge (Pandey, K., Rizvi, S, 2009). They act as antifungal and are responsible to help infection and cuts. Ligands chemical compound have a 2,3- dibenzyl butane structure, and shapes into a dimerization of two cinnamic acid residues (Pandey, K.,Show MoreRelatedConsumption of Caffeine by Minors1621 Words   |  6 PagesConsumption of caffeine by minors has increased significantly in the past few years. In the modern community it is a common practice amongst teens to consume coffee as a part of an afterschool get together or as an energy booster in the morning. Many other teens consume highly caffeinated drinks that are known as energy drinks, even a can of coke has a very high amount of caffeine present in it. Consequently is caffeine an energy booster or a detriment to wellbeing. 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Caffeine is a stimulant used to make us feel as though we’re awake. Caffeine actually doesn’t give us energy at all, it just tricks our brain into thinking we aren’t tired. It’s most popular usage I noticed in fellow college students is energy drinks, sodasRead MoreEssay On Caffeine975 Words   |  4 PagesOne of the most popular and convenient drugs in the world is consumed by most americans every single day. When drinking a hot cup of coffee in the morning, having a cold glass of soda in your lunch, or sitting down for dinner with your relaxing cup of tea, many fail to realize the main addictive ingredient in all three of these beverages is caffeine. Caffeine is something most people overlook in their daily lives and can be harmful if taken too much. Typically, the majority of not only adults, butRead MoreEssay On Caffeine1263 Words   |  6 Pages28 May 2017 Caffeine Is A Killer Caffeine is the most utilized and popular nervous system stimulant, but it is legal and unregulated all across the world; however, the question is, should it be regulated because of the consequences that come along with it? Caffeine is killing people with how high the consumption rate has gone up; â€Å"about 83% of adults drink coffee in the U.S.† (Coffee grinds US for the nation, KAren Fernau). Because of how much people are taking advantage of caffeine to get through

Reflection on the Connection between Management Theory and Practice Throughout Free Essays

Section 1: Reflection on the Connection between Management Theory and Practice Throughout the tutorial program, the different organisations that were presented had evident connections between theory and practice. Although the connections may never be crystal clear, and may sometimes have more than one â€Å"right† answer, the connections were still inevitable in the case studies. One thing that I found most challenging from the case studies was choosing an exact management theory to apply to the particular organisation. We will write a custom essay sample on Reflection on the Connection between Management Theory and Practice Throughout or any similar topic only for you Order Now This difficulty was shown throughout all of the case studies, demonstrating that there is never one right method to apply to an organisation. For example, in the Outback Steakhouse case study (Tutorial 2), the Historical Perspectives of Management were being considered. Out of the four options, there were two options that were both equally contributable to the success of Outback Steakhouse (Administrative Principles [B] and combining Systems Theory with Humanistic Perspective [D]). Even though we did not have to choose an option in that tutorial, it would still be extremely difficult to put my hands down on one particular statement if we had to. Sometimes, theories that applied to one case study may not be relevant if applied to another, for example, trying to apply theories from Two Leaders: The Commander and the Principal (Tutorial 4) – which consisted of how effective the two leaders are in leading, to the QB House – 10 minutes, Just Cuts (Tutorial 3) case study would be like trying to fit a square peg into a round hole – it would be almost impossible. The theories that were presented in the case studies looked at different parts of the organisation, one was about people traits and the other was about the company traits, which made it irrelevant to apply knowledge from one case study to another. However, if we were to look at a particular part of the QB House – 10 minutes, Just Cuts (Tutorial 3) case study – i. e. information about Konishi, it shows that he is a charismatic leader and is supported by transactional leadership, as he created an atmosphere of change to the hairdressing industry and has a clear structure in his organisation. Every organisation has different goals, objectives, obstacles and are all managed differently by different leaders with various mindsets. Therefore, some organisation may seem to have more or less difficulty to achieve their organisational goals compared to others. For example, ethical issues may arise that may jeopardise the reputation of the company and the leaders, as shown in the The Whole System Seems Wrong (Tutorial 5) case study. Also, some organisations may operate on an international scale instead of a national scale, which means that they have to take into account many other factors such as cost, cultural barriers and many more which may ultimately take more time to achieve their organisational goals – i. e. Qantas (Tutorial 8) case study. Overall, the case studies presented had evident connections between management theory and practice. Some may seem less obvious that others or less straightforward, but there is a definite connection in the case studies. How to cite Reflection on the Connection between Management Theory and Practice Throughout, Essay examples

Reflection on the Connection between Management Theory and Practice Throughout Free Essays

Section 1: Reflection on the Connection between Management Theory and Practice Throughout the tutorial program, the different organisations that were presented had evident connections between theory and practice. Although the connections may never be crystal clear, and may sometimes have more than one â€Å"right† answer, the connections were still inevitable in the case studies. One thing that I found most challenging from the case studies was choosing an exact management theory to apply to the particular organisation. We will write a custom essay sample on Reflection on the Connection between Management Theory and Practice Throughout or any similar topic only for you Order Now This difficulty was shown throughout all of the case studies, demonstrating that there is never one right method to apply to an organisation. For example, in the Outback Steakhouse case study (Tutorial 2), the Historical Perspectives of Management were being considered. Out of the four options, there were two options that were both equally contributable to the success of Outback Steakhouse (Administrative Principles [B] and combining Systems Theory with Humanistic Perspective [D]). Even though we did not have to choose an option in that tutorial, it would still be extremely difficult to put my hands down on one particular statement if we had to. Sometimes, theories that applied to one case study may not be relevant if applied to another, for example, trying to apply theories from Two Leaders: The Commander and the Principal (Tutorial 4) – which consisted of how effective the two leaders are in leading, to the QB House – 10 minutes, Just Cuts (Tutorial 3) case study would be like trying to fit a square peg into a round hole – it would be almost impossible. The theories that were presented in the case studies looked at different parts of the organisation, one was about people traits and the other was about the company traits, which made it irrelevant to apply knowledge from one case study to another. However, if we were to look at a particular part of the QB House – 10 minutes, Just Cuts (Tutorial 3) case study – i. e. information about Konishi, it shows that he is a charismatic leader and is supported by transactional leadership, as he created an atmosphere of change to the hairdressing industry and has a clear structure in his organisation. Every organisation has different goals, objectives, obstacles and are all managed differently by different leaders with various mindsets. Therefore, some organisation may seem to have more or less difficulty to achieve their organisational goals compared to others. For example, ethical issues may arise that may jeopardise the reputation of the company and the leaders, as shown in the The Whole System Seems Wrong (Tutorial 5) case study. Also, some organisations may operate on an international scale instead of a national scale, which means that they have to take into account many other factors such as cost, cultural barriers and many more which may ultimately take more time to achieve their organisational goals – i. e. Qantas (Tutorial 8) case study. Overall, the case studies presented had evident connections between management theory and practice. Some may seem less obvious that others or less straightforward, but there is a definite connection in the case studies. How to cite Reflection on the Connection between Management Theory and Practice Throughout, Essay examples

Affect Of Labeling On Consumer Purchase †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Affect Of Labeling On Consumer Purchase. Answer: Affect of labeling on consumer purchase decision Consumers are mostly seeking for high quality products at a reasonable price, this is the general conception. But needs change from product to product, the above requirement is for grocery or FMCG products. But if the product is a luxury item or service then the quality and price is both on the higher end. A color scheme or a logo is very important for a brand image; it helps in making an impression on the minds of a person. For example: red and white immediately reminds a person of Coco Cola (Solomon 2014, Vol 10). Customers appreciate if a thought and effort of the company is reflected in the packaging and branding of the product. Labeling is essential for the customers as it not only attracts the customers it also provides necessary information about the product or service. As the label on a product provides information about the price, quantity, quality etc, consumers can understand and identify the standard and grade of the item. The products are. Customers can easily compare th e product with the items of the same category and choose which will suite the requirement best and purchase accordingly. External marketing environment factors affect labeling in Australia External factors of the business environments are the ones which are not under the control of the business organization the six aspects are: government policies of the area of operation, natural forces, competition, technology, demographic factor and societal factors. Government Policies In Australia, government has some set rules as to what has to be mandatorily mentioned in the label. For example: According to the Competition and Consumer Act 2010(CCA), a seller cannot provide the consumer with give false, deceptive or misleading information. There are various industry specific guidelines and regulations as well which business organizations have to comply with. The sellers are expected to be aware of the obligations under Australian Consumer Law (ACL) if they claim to be made in Australia. Technology Technology used to create a product has to be mentioned as it increases the value of the product. For example: if the product is vegan and cruelty free it should be highlighted on the label as it increases the goodwill of the product and garners positive response (Andrews et al. 2014). Utilitarian value The utilitarian value if the amount of utility that a customer derives from a particular product or service that he or she has purchased keeping in mind the requirement of the products and the price associated with the product. It is essential as it brings out the real worth of the product or service. Examples:marketing of I Phone as it focuses on the prime feature of the device and gives an alluring experience to the user and Amazon markets itself as a place where an individual can find anything from A to Z. Hedonic value It can be defined as the element of a consumer apparent valuewhich is associated with the senses, feelings, and emotions particularly pertaining to pleasure. Hedonic means something that is related to utility. Examples:Marketing of quality walls magnum ice cream where the focus is on the indulgence of Belgium chocolate in the making of the ice cream that offers a rich taste. Marketing of any premium luxury brand is a perfect example of hedonic value like Dior perfumes and Gucci handbags etc ( Etemad-Sajadi and Lassaad 2015, 84). Reasons for purchase Maslows need hierarchy theory is based on the needs and requirements of the people. Demand or need is the basic reason for a person to purchase items. These needs raise upward form necessity to luxury depending on the purchase power and disposable income of an individual. Form the consumers perspective there are some of the major reasons of purchase: requirement of the product backed by the reasonable price of the product is the prime reason why a consumers buys a product. Furthermore, a customer sometimes gets inspired by someone else using a particular product and buys it even if he or she doesnt want it. Sense of pride is also one of the reasons for purchase. For example: if a person always wanted to buy a Fendi Handbag, the ownership of such an item is a matter of pride and accomplishment in the life of that person. Organic labeled products In Australia, an organization cannot label a product organic if it does not abide by the regulations laid down by the Australian Standard (AS 6000). The company first of all has to get certificate for providing such information on the label by institutions that are accredited by the Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry. The products which are indicated to be organic should be result of farming that avoids the usage of man-made fertilizers and pesticides, growth regulators and additives. Apart from this, products which include genetically modified organisms (GMOs) are also prohibited from claiming the organic tag. Environmental sustainability is the prime idea of organic products along with implementation of innovation in the production of the item. To participate in sustainably and the idea of using pure and non-chemical goods initiates the consumers to buy organic products over any chemical infused goods. Made in Australia label For the products that want to label Made in Australia, has to follow certain policies and regulations as laid down by the government. An item if has been developed and underwent changes in its last substantial transformation in that country can be deemed as made in that particular nation. It does not necessarily have to mean that all the ingredients in developing the product has been originated in Australia, it means that the product has been proceed to be the end good so that it is ready for the consumer to use ( Hersey et al. 2013, 1-14). Stimulus generalization and Stimulus discrimination The addition to a known response to stimuli that is similar to the trained stimulus. To stand out in the crowd of the market companies use packaging and presentation this is called stimulus discrimination. Examples of Stimulus generalization is the presentation of Nutella chocolate spread and Hintz chocolate spread. It is difficult to spot the difference in packaging in the two items. Only the labels used are different. Converse is a company that has a patent design of shoes is another example of stimulus generalization where the look and presentation is replicated by many shoe companies ( Jeitschko et al. 2017). In the marketplace, stimulus discrimination can be used in a number of ways. For example: Pepsi and Coco Cola are competitors who sell similar products to the same target market, the point of discrimination is the color of the brand, logo of the brand etc (Wells 2014, 1119-1158). Positioning of the Products Positioning is influencing the perception of the consumer about a particular brand in comparison to the competitors in the industry. Its aim of position a brand or a product is to capture a clear, unique, and beneficial place in the minds of the consumers. In the 1st advertisement, positioning of these pair of sneakers in this advertisement published by Converse brand is youthful and sporty. Converse is a brand that is associated with young people, people who are young at heart and loves colors in their life and is not scared of taking fashion risks in terms of colors. Converse is a brand that is old and has established itself as a generic name for the design of sneakers that they make. In this advertisement the youthfulness is being displayed by the way the shoes are kept ( Ebitu et al. 2012). The prime focus of the ad is the color as before reading the tag line or even noticing the shoe the orange color has been given importance. Orange is a color that constitutes of red which means energy and vigor along with yellow that signifies happiness and cheerfulness. The culmination of these two colors give sets the stage for a frolic mood in the advertisement which instantly gives the viewer an idea of being youthful. Usually sneakers are a ssociated with sportswear and the company wants to break that monotone of the image in placing it in the minds of the customers as a casual wear instead of being sporty or used for sports purpose. In the second print ad of timberland, the company has positioned the brand as a rough and tough item that can meet the harsh and extreme terrain. Hence, the positioning of the sneakers form timber land has an adventurous as well as a rigid positioning strategy. Timberland is a brand that is associated and perceived by the consumers as adventure friendly durable pair of shoes which is also reliable by the consumers to use. In the advertisement what immediately strikes the reader first is the pair of shoes and then the image behind it which complete sets the mood of an adventure trip along with friends. The positioning is again different form the competitors as itself as youthful yet adventurous and reliable. The Advertisement has a red undertone to the ad which expresses energy and excitement as is the image of the people behind the shoes. The positioning base of the products are on the same line but are completely different one another the converse advertisement has a casual frolic approach to it along with it being youthful and fashionable while, the timberland Advertisement is also targeted to the youth but has an adventurous, rough and tough reliable approach in its positioning. It does not position it as a fashionable item but a pair that can survive even on the rough terrain. In both the advertisement the base of positioning is the attribute and the application of the item despite of the same positioning base the difference lies in the product itself and the way it is positioned is different in its own term ( Sirianni et al. 2013, 108-123). Market segmentation The three bases of segmentation that has been utilized by the brands in the above advertisements are as follows: firstly is demographic- the target market of converse is the young people who are college goers and the young adults who take out time to go clubbing or goes out with friends very often ( Anderson and Xiaoqing 2014, 263-272). The age group targeted by the company is in between 16-35. For the timberland and the demographic is the same as converse there are also young people featured in the advertisement. The occupations of the people targeted by both the brands are either young professionals or students (Hampel et al. 2012, 118-127). Secondly behavioral- the color scheme of the converse advertisement show that the shoes are targeted towards people who are fashion conscious and takes risks in terms color and style. Whereas the timberland ad targets people who are adventurous and tourists at heart and loves a fun get out with friends. Both the shoes are unisex and hence the t arget market has a wide perception ( Dey et al. 2014). Thirdly psychographic: the tag line used in the converse advertisement suggest an edgy side of an individual, the term orange is used as a subject gives an idea of creativity and risk taking attitude. While, in the timberland advertisement the color scheme and the tag line shows the rough and tough side of the shoe and depicts the same psychographic characteristic in the target market. An individual who will opt to buy an orange color pair of shoe is a person who gives a lot of thought while dressing up and putting a look together. Whereas the timberland shoes are perfect to wear if a person is on an adventure trip revealing the adventurous side of the target market (Dolnicar 2014, 296-306) Comparison Among the two advertisements the converse ad has more impact on the reader owing all the credit to the color that has been chosen by the company. The company could have used a black background to create dimension in between the background and the foreground but they chose to stick to the color of the pair of shoe as that is what they have tried to draw the attention of the reader. The design of the shoe is the classic converse by the unique color of the product is the USP in this case (Anatasia et al. 2016). On the other hand the timberland advertisement has a lot of elements cramped in the one canvas. The background has three people along with a landscape and the foreground has the pair of shoes which along with the brand name and the tagline. It lacks in capturing the attention of a person and delivering the message. A reader has to carefully go through the ad in order to understand the significance of it and what the company is trying to communicate. The converse advertisement is spot on in its idea and execution whereas the timberland ad lacks creativity and is like any other shoes company advertisement (McAlister et al. 2016). References: Anatasia, Velly, Sunitarya Sunitarya, and Vinda Adriana. 2016. "The Effects Of Advertising Strategies On Consumer Trust: A Case Of Skin Care Products In Taiwan".Binus Business Review7 (2): 125. doi:10.21512/bbr.v7i2.1585. Anderson, Chris K., and Xiaoqing Xie. 2014. "Pricing and market segmentation using opaque selling mechanisms."European Journal of Operational Research233, no. 1: 263-272. Andrews, J. Craig, Chung-Tung Jordan Lin, Alan S. Levy, and Serena Lo. 2014. "Consumer research needs from the food and drug administration on front-of-package nutritional labeling." American Marketing Association. Dey, Debabrata, Atanu Lahiri, and Guoying Zhang. 2014. "Quality Competition and Market Segmentation in the Security Software Market."Mis Quarterly38, no. 2. Dolnicar, Sara, Bettina Grn, Friedrich Leisch, and Kathrin Schmidt. 2014. "Required sample sizes for data-driven market segmentation analyses in tourism."Journal of Travel Research53, no. 3: 296-306. Ebitu, Ezekiel Tom, Patrick Awok Mbum, and Abigail Edem Okon. 2012. "An Exploration Of Emotional Intelligence And Market Segmentation, Targeting And Positioning In Selected Centralbusiness Districts In Nigeria".International Journal Of Marketing Studies4 (3). doi:10.5539/ijms.v4n3p173. Etemad-Sajadi, Reza, and Lassaad Ghachem. 2015. "The Impact Of Hedonic And Utilitarian Value Of Online Avatars On E-Service Quality".Computers In Human Behavior52: 81-86. doi:10.1016/j.chb.2015.05.048. Hampel, Stefan, Daniel Heinrich, and Colin Campbell. 2012. "Is An Advertisement Worth The Paper It's Printed On?".Journal Of Advertising Research52 (1): 118-127. doi:10.2501/jar-52-1-118-127. Hersey, James C., Kelly C. Wohlgenant, Joanne E. Arsenault, Katherine M. Kosa, and Mary K. Muth. 2013. "Effects of front?of?package and shelf nutrition labeling systems on consumers."Nutrition reviews71, no. 1: 1-14. Jeitschko, Thomas D., Yeonjei Jung, and Jaesoo Kim. 2017."Bundling and joint marketing by rival firms."Journal of Economics Management Strategy. McAlister, Leigh, Raji Srinivasan, Niket Jindal, and Albert A. Cannella. 2016. "Advertising effectiveness: The moderating effect of firm strategy." American Marketing Association. Sirianni, Nancy J., Mary Jo Bitner, Stephen W. Brown, and Naomi Mandel. 2013. "Branded service encounters: Strategically aligning employee behavior with the brand positioning."Journal of Marketing77, no. 6: 108-123 . Solomon, Michael R. 2014.Consumer behavior: Buying, having, and being. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall. Vol. 10. Wells, Victoria K. 2014. "Behavioural psychology, marketing and consumer behaviour: a literature review and future research agenda."Journal of Marketing Management30, no. 11-12: 1119-1158.

Aging with Grace

The Research Process The book â€Å"Aging with Grace† by David Snowdon regards a study based on the religious lifestyles of nuns in Good Counsel Hill convent. The research study or rather the nun study seeks to provide insight on leading healthier, longer, and more meaningful lives. The book describes the process and context of setting up and conducting a scientific study involving human subjects.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Aging with Grace specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More It offers a description of the scientist’s previous studies in epidemiology, which are different from the nun study experience. In the latter study, the study evolved over time with essential input from the nuns as â€Å"a way to continue helping and educating others† (Snowdon, 2001, p. 256). Essentially, the nun study maps the research study as a process limited in scope at the beginning, which later evolves to a more detailed study. The book raises several important issues on how a research study involving closed communities should proceed. Initially, the researcher had a limited understanding of the religious order of the nuns or the history of Notre Dames, his intended study subjects. He, however, gathered preliminary information before embarking on the study. The first step in research is gaining the approval of relevant authorities after proposing the study idea. In the research, identification of the research idea followed by preliminary investigation or background search is core to a later detailed research (Holliday, 2007, p. 141). Later, the nun study gains the approval of Sister Carmen, after agreeing to treat the subjects with â€Å"respect and care† (Snowdon, 2001, p. 257). In longitudinal studies involving closed communities, positive relationships between the researcher and the researcher are fundamental and have an impact on the findings. The researcher had to visit the Goo d Counsel Hill convent to understand the connection between the nun’s religious lifestyles and their longer and healthier living. This shows the importance of interaction between the researcher and the subjects in qualitative research design. Aspects of the Investigator’s Experience In research, particularly in epidemiological studies, the participants are many. As a result, relationships between the researcher and the participants are hard to establish, which is vital in maintaining scientific objectivity.Advertising Looking for essay on religion theology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More However, in the nun study, the researcher was able to establish relationships with the participants. This, to me, is important particularly in studies involving qualitative data. The participants are able to reveal essential information based on these relationships. In gaining the approval of Sister Carmen, the researcher expla ined the significance of his research and the contribution of previous nun studies to medicine. Personally, I would like to have an opportunity to discuss my research idea with the authorities and professionals. In this way, I would gain expert advice that has potential implications on the research process and findings. The researcher in the nun study did a background search including consulting a Notre Dame, Nora Keenan. To me, literature review is essential in refining the statement problem and in refining the objectives of the study. It also provides information to support the need for the study. The researcher was passionate about his investigation. He had an earlier relevant experience when he used keep poultry. In fact, his passion for epidemiology stems from his experience with chicken and poultry diseases. Additionally, in the nun study, he was able to visit his study subjects, the nuns, at the convent. I would like to have a direct contact or interviews with the participant s in my research as opposed to using questionnaires to collect data. Reference List Holliday, A. (2007). Doing and Writing Qualitative Research. London: Sage Publications. Snowdon, D. (2001). Aging with Grace: What the Nun Study Teaches Us About  Leading Longer, Healthier and More Meaningful Lives. New York: Bantam Press. p. 256-257Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Aging with Grace specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This essay on Aging with Grace was written and submitted by user Hailee Livingston to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Understanding Splinter Words in English Grammar

Understanding Splinter Words in English Grammar In  the branch of linguistics known as morphology, a splinter is defined as a fragment of a word used in the formation of new words. Examples of splinters include  -tarian  and -terian (from vegetarian, as in the coinages eggitarian,  fisheterian, and meatatarian)  and -holic (shopaholic, chocoholic, textaholic, foodaholic). The splinter is formally identical to a clipping, but whereas clippings function as full words, splinters do not (Concise Encyclopedia of Semantics, 2009). The morphological term splinter was  coined by linguist J.M. Berman in Contribution on Blending in  Zeitschrift fà ¼r Anglistik und Amerikanistik, 1961. Examples and Observations English has lots of splinters, among them tastic, as in funktastic or fishtastic, which is used to form mostly ironic words meaning excellent or great in reference to X, originally from fantastic, or licious, as in bagelicious or bootielicious, which is used to form words meaning appealing in reference to X, originally from the word delicious. The difference between a splinter and a true suffix is that speakers understand splinters  in relation to the original word from which the ending splits off. If these bits survive and continue to give rise to new forms, though, they might someday be real suffixes!(Rochelle Lieber,  Introducing Morphology, 2nd ed. Cambridge University Press, 2016)Blends, unlike regular compounds, are . . . based on analogy rather than on rules. For instance, the occurrence of the splinter -licious (from delicious) in beaulicious and bootylicious has attracted some new coinages: e.g. Girlicious (a musical lady trio), Kittylicious (referring to Hello Kitty mov ies), and Lehrers (2007) jocular blendalicious.(Elisa Mattiello, Extra-Grammatical Morphology in English: Abbreviations, Blends, Reduplicatives, and Related  Phenomena. Walter de Gruyter, 2013) What Happens to SplintersSplinters arise through the process of blending . . .. Thus, -nomics in Thatchernomics is a splinter, recurring in Reaganomics, Rogernomics, Nixonomics, etc.Splinters may have any one of three possible fates. They may disappear. I suspect that this is what has happened to -teria (a splinter from cafeteria which had a brief flourishing in words like washeteria but now seem to have become unavailable). They may become productive affixes. This appears to be what has happened with -nomics, cited above, although it is of very low productivity. They may become independent words. This is what has happened to burger, originally a reanalysis from hamburger which shows up in beefburger and cheeseburger.Since splinters may turn into affixes or words, we appear to have a situation where it is not clear whether new forms using the splinter will be derivatives or compounds. The -scape which emerged from landscape might be a case in point, though the Oxford English Dictiona ry lists so many instances of its being used independently that there can be little doubt as to its status as a word now. On the other hand, if we believe the Oxford English Dictionary, -cade (from cavalcade into motorcade) has become an affix.(Laurie Bauer, The Borderline Between Derivation and Compounding, in Morphology and Its Demarcations, ed. by Wolfgang U. Dressler. John Benjamins, 2005) Splinters in Blends[Blends] may be composed of two elements called splinters (ballute from balloon and parachute), or only one element is a splinter and the other element is a full word (escalift from escalator and lift, needcessity from need and necessity). . . . A special punning effect is achieved when one constituent echoes in some way the word or word-fragment it replaces, for example, foolosopher echoing philosopher, or fakesimile, echoing facsimile.(Pavol Ã…  tekauer, English Word-Formation: A History of Research, 1960-1995. Narr, 2000)

What are the main motives for US involvement in the region after 1945 Essay

What are the main motives for US involvement in the region after 1945 - Essay Example The most important of them is access to oil and gas deposits. Obviously, the desire of American capital to acquire control over the production, processing and marketing of Arab oil has been the main motive for economic expansion of the U.S. in the Arab countries. Still, Americans’ intervention has begun under the guise of their off-board assistance to the countries in their economic recovery, since â€Å"†¦states all across the Middle East soon proved incapable of properly managing the economy† (Khater, 197). There is another motive: â€Å"†¦the United States declares its goal in the region to be the spread of democracy†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Gelvin, 5). Surely, there have been particular benefits for the Middle East nations, but â€Å"†¦ many in the region have paid a high price for America’s support of every kind†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Gelvin, 5). As for America’s benefits resulting from its interference in the Middle East with its oil deposits, it has gained a great success in oil possession, while the same cannot be said for the fate of Arab people living in the region. In conclusion, America’s participation in domestic affairs of different countries of the idle East region after the end of World War II has its certain motives resulted from its desire to assume the regional oil deposits as well as to intensify the spread of democracy within Arab

Grammar Errors Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Grammar Errors - Essay Example However, the phrase fails to portray the emphasis on open-ended assessments. To correct this, the author would have used the phrase â€Å"centered on† to indicate that open-ended assessments are the main focus of the grading cycle. Similarly, the title of the book ‘More Perfect Unions’ by Davis captures the attention of the reader but fails in grammar (Davis cover page). The correct title would have been â€Å"Perfect Unions†, since perfection is absolute. It is not possible to have a better object than a perfect one, thus, the phrase â€Å"more perfect† is wrong. Lacquaniti et al. explore malnutrition in elderly people diagnosed with kidney problems who are on dialysis (Lacquaniti, Bolignano and Campo 240). The authors note that â€Å"Numerous hormonal and depletive elements concur in the pathogenesis of malnutrition, and while some can be ascribed to dialysis itself†¦Ã¢â‚¬  The authors give the wrong meaning of the sentence, since they want to point out that dialysis can cause malnutrition but there is another causative factor. The word â€Å"while† should, therefore, be replaced with the word â€Å"although† to portray that both are risk factors in malnutrition, but the others are the main causes. In the book ‘Lecturing: A Practical Guide’, Brown and Race use the term â€Å"enthuse† to indicate how students can be trained to enjoy a lecture (Brown and Race 11). The use of the word enthuse, however, does not portray the urgency of the training. A better way would be to use the term â€Å"motivate†, which indicates the need to excite the students.

HTML and Javascript Tutorial

HTML and Javascript Tutorial HTML Basic Document Document name goes here Visible text goes here Heading Elements Largest Heading . . . . . . . . . . . . Smallest Heading Text Elements This is a paragraph (line break) (horizontal rule) This text is preformatted Logical Styles This text is emphasized This text is strong This is some computer code Physical Styles This text is bold This text is italic Links, Anchors, and Image Elements This is a Link Send e-mail A named anchor: Useful Tips Section Jump to the Useful Tips Section Unordered list First item Next item Ordered list First item Next item Definition list First term Definition Next term Definition Tables someheader someheader sometext sometext Frames Forms Apples Bananas Cherries Entities < is the same as > is the same as > is the same as  © Other Elements Text quoted from some source. Address 1 Address 2 City Commonly Used Character Entities Note Entity names are case sensitive! The Meta Element As we explained in the previous chapter, the head element contains general information (meta-information) about a document. HTML also includes a meta element that goes inside the head element. The purpose of the meta element is to provide meta-information about the document. Most often the meta element is used to provide information that is relevant to browsers or search engines like describing the content of your document. Keywords for Search Engines Some search engines on the WWW will use the name and content attributes of the meta tag to index your pages. The intention of the name and content attributes is to describe the content of a page. However, since too many webmasters have used meta tags for spamming, like repeating keywords to give pages a higher ranking, some search engines have stopped using them entirely. Uniform Resource Locators Something called a Uniform Resource Locator (URL) is used to address a document (or other data) on the World Wide Web. A full Web address like this: http://www.w3schools.com/html/lastpage.htm follows these syntax rules: scheme://host.domain:port/path/filename The scheme is defining the type of Internet service. The most common type is http. The domain is defining the Internet domain name like w3schools.com. The host is defining the domain host. If omitted, the default host for http is www. The :port is defining the port number at the host. The port number is normally omitted. The default port number for http is 80. The path is defining a path (a sub directory) at the server. If the path is omitted, the resource (the document) must be located at the root directory of the Web site. The filename is defining the name of a document. The default filename might be default.asp, or index.html or something else depending on the settings of the Web server. URL Schemes Some examples of the most common schemes can be found below: Accessing a Newsgroup The following HTML code: HTML Newsgroup creates a link to a newsgroup like this HTML Newsgroup Downloading with FTP The following HTML code: Download WinZip creates a link to download a file like this: Download WinZip. (The link doesnt work. Dont try it. It is just an example. W3Schools doesnt really have an ftp directory.) Link to your Mail system The following HTML code: [emailprotected] creates a link to your own mail system like this: Insert a Script into HTML Page A script in HTML is defined with the tag. Note that you will have to use the type attribute to specify the scripting language. How to Handle Older Browsers A browser that does not recognize the tag at all, will display the tag's content as text on the page. To prevent the browser from doing this, you should hide the script in comment tags. An old browser (that does not recognize the tag) will ignore the comment and it will not write the tag's content on the page, while a new browser will understand that the script should be executed, even if it is surrounded by comment tags. Example New to HTML 4.0 is the ability to let HTML events trigger actions in the browser, like starting a JavaScript when a user clicks on an HTML element. Below is a list of attributes that can be inserted into HTML tags to define event actions. Window Events Only valid in body and frameset elements. Only valid in form elements. Keyboard Events Not valid in base, bdo, br, frame, frameset, head, html, iframe, meta, param, script, style, and title elements. Mouse Events Not valid in base, bdo, br, frame, frameset, head, html, iframe, meta, param, script, style, title elements. Your Windows PC as a Web Server If you want other people to view your pages, you must publish them. To publish your work, you must save your pages on a web server. Your own PC can act as a web server if you install IIS or PWS. IIS or PWS turns your computer into a web server. Microsoft IIS and PWS are free web server components. IIS - Internet Information Server IIS is for Windows system like Windows 2000, XP, and Vista. It is also available for Windows NT. IIS is easy to install and ideal for developing and testing web applications. IIS includes Active Server Pages (ASP), a server-side scripting standard that can be used to create dynamic and interactive web applications. PWS - Personal Web Server PWS is for older Windows system like Windows 95, 98, and NT. PWS is easy to install and can be used for developing and testing web applications including ASP. We don't recommend running PWS for anything else than training. It is outdated and have security issues. Windows Web Server Versions Windows Vista Professional comes with IIS 6. Windows Vista Home Edition does not support PWS or IIS. Windows XP Professional comes with IIS 5. Windows XP Home Edition does not support IIS or PWS. Windows 2000 Professional comes with IIS 4. Windows NT Professional comes with IIS 3 and also supports IIS 4. Windows NT Workstation supports PWS and IIS 3. Windows ME does not support PWS or IIS. Windows 98 comes with PWS. Windows 95 supports PWS. HTML Summary This tutorial has taught you how to use HTML to create your own web site. HTML is the universal markup language for the Web. HTML lets you format text, add graphics, create links, input forms, frames and tables, etc., and save it all in a text file that any browser can read and display. The key to HTML is the tags, which indicates what content is coming up. XHTML XHTML reformulates HTML 4.01 in XML. CSS CSS is used to control the style and layout of multiple Web pages all at once. With CSS, all formatting can be removed from the HTML document and stored in a separate file. CSS gives you total control of the layout, without messing up the document content. JavaScript Tutorial What is JavaScript? JavaScript was designed to add interactivity to HTML pages JavaScript is a scripting language A scripting language is a lightweight programming language JavaScript is usually embedded directly into HTML pages JavaScript is an interpreted language (means that scripts execute without preliminary compilation) Everyone can use JavaScript without purchasing a license What can a JavaScript Do? JavaScript gives HTML designers a programming tool - HTML authors are normally not programmers, but JavaScript is a scripting language with a very simple syntax! Almost anyone can put small "snippets" of code into their HTML pages JavaScript can put dynamic text into an HTML page - A JavaScript statement like this: document.write(" " + name + " ") can write a variable text into an HTML page JavaScript can react to events - A JavaScript can be set to execute when something happens, like when a page has finished loading or when a user clicks on an HTML element JavaScript can read and write HTML elements - A JavaScript can read and change the content of an HTML element JavaScript can be used to validate data - A JavaScript can be used to validate form data before it is submitted to a server. This saves the server from extra processing JavaScript can be used to detect the visitor's browser - A JavaScript can be used to detect the visitor's browser, and - depending on the browser - load another page specifically designed for that browser JavaScript can be used to create cookies - A JavaScript can be used to store and retrieve information on the visitor's computer How to Put a JavaScript Into an HTML Page Where to Put the JavaScript JavaScripts in a page will be executed immediately while the page loads into the browser. This is not always what we want. Sometimes we want to execute a script when a page loads, other times when a user triggers an event. Scripts in the head section: Scripts to be executed when they are called, or when an event is triggered, go in the head section. When you place a script in the head section, you will ensure that the script is loaded before anyone uses it. Scripts in the body section: Scripts to be executed when the page loads go in the body section. When you place a script in the body section it generates the content of the page. Scripts in both the body and the head section: You can place an unlimited number of scripts in your document, so you can have scripts in both the body and the head section. Using an External JavaScript Sometimes you might want to run the same JavaScript on several pages, without having to write the same script on every page. To simplify this, you can write a JavaScript in an external file. Save the external JavaScript file with a .js file extension. Note: The external script cannot contain the tag! To use the external script, point to the .js file in the "src" attribute of the tag: JavaScript is Case Sensitive Unlike HTML, JavaScript is case sensitive - therefore watch your capitalization closely when you write JavaScript statements, create or call variables, objects and functions. JavaScript Statements A JavaScript statement is a command to the browser. The purpose of the command is to tell the browser what to do. This JavaScript statement tells the browser to write "Hello Dolly" to the web page: It is normal to add a semicolon at the end of each executable statement. Most people think this is a good programming practice, and most often you will see this in JavaScript examples on the web. The semicolon is optional (according to the JavaScript standard), and the browser is supposed to interpret the end of the line as the end of the statement. Because of this you will often see examples without the semicolon at the end. Note: Using semicolons makes it possible to write multiple statements on one line. JavaScript Code JavaScript code (or just JavaScript) is a sequence of JavaScript statements. Each statement is executed by the browser in the sequence they are written. This example will write a header and two paragraphs to a web page: JavaScript Blocks JavaScript statements can be grouped together in blocks. Blocks start with a left curly bracket {, and ends with a right curly bracket }. The purpose of a block is to make the sequence of statements execute together. This example will write a header and two paragraphs to a web page: JavaScript comments can be used to make the code more readable. JavaScript Comments Comments can be added to explain the JavaScript, or to make it more readable. Single line comments start with //. This example uses single line comments to explain the code: Using Comments to Prevent Execution In this example the comment is used to prevent the execution of a single code line: In this example the comments is used to prevent the execution of multiple code lines: Using Comments at the End of a Line In this example the comment is placed at the end of a line: Variables are "containers" for storing information. Declaring (Creating) JavaScript Variables Creating variables in JavaScript is most often referred to as "declaring" variables. You can declare JavaScript variables with the var statement: After the declaration shown above, the variables are empty (they have no values yet). However, you can also assign values to the variables when you declare them: After the execution of the statements above, the variable x will hold the value 5, and carname will hold the value Volvo. Note: When you assign a text value to a variable, use quotes around the value. Assigning Values to Undeclared JavaScript Variables If you assign values to variables that have not yet been declared, the variables will automatically be declared. These statements: have the same effect as: Redeclaring JavaScript Variables If you redeclare a JavaScript variable, it will not lose its original value. After the execution of the statements above, the variable x will still have the value of 5. The value of x is not reset (or cleared) when you redeclare it. Conditional Statements Very often when you write code, you want to perform different actions for different decisions. You can use conditional statements in your code to do this. In JavaScript we have the following conditional statements: if statement - use this statement if you want to execute some code only if a specified condition is true if...else statement - use this statement if you want to execute some code if the condition is true and another code if the condition is false if...else if....else statement - use this statement if you want to select one of many blocks of code to be executed switch statement - use this statement if you want to select one of many blocks of code to be executed script type="text/javascript"> //If the time is less than 10, //you will get a "Good morning" greeting. //Otherwise you will get a "Good day" greeting. var d = new Date(); var time = d.getHours(); if (time { document.write("Good morning!"); } else { document.write("Good day!"); } The JavaScript Switch Statement You should use the switch statement if you want to select one of many blocks of code to be executed. Syntax //You will receive a different greeting based //on what day it is. Note that Sunday=0, //Monday=1, Tuesday=2, etc. var d=new Date(); theDay=d.getDay(); switch (theDay) { case 5: document.write("Finally Friday"); break; case 6: document.write("Super Saturday"); break; case 0: document.write("Sleepy Sunday"); break; default: document.write("I'm looking forward to this weekend!"); } JavaScript Popup Boxes Alert Box An alert box is often used if you want to make sure information comes through to the user. When an alert box pops up, the user will have to click "OK" to proceed. Syntax: Confirm Box A confirm box is often used if you want the user to verify or accept something. When a confirm box pops up, the user will have to click either "OK" or "Cancel" to proceed. If the user clicks "OK", the box returns true. If the user clicks "Cancel", the box returns false. Syntax: Prompt Box A prompt box is often used if you want the user to input a value before entering a page. When a prompt box pops up, the user will have to click either "OK" or "Cancel" to proceed after entering an input value. If the user clicks "OK" the box returns the input value. If the user clicks "Cancel" the box returns null. Syntax: JavaScript Functions JavaScript Functions To keep the browser from executing a script when the page loads, you can put your script into a function. A function contains code that will be executed by an event or by a call to that function. You may call a function from anywhere within the page (or even from other pages if the function is embedded in an external .js file). Functions can be defined both in the and in the section of a document. However, to assure that the function is read/loaded by the browser before it is called, it could be wise to put it in the section. How to Define a Function The syntax for creating a function is:

Advantages of Monopoly Essay

Monopolies do not always lead to increased prices, lower outputs and welfare losses. In fact, monopolies can often lead to increases in society’s welfare as large monopolists benefit from economies of scale in production and distribution. These falls in costs can often be passed on to consumers in the form of lower priced products. We will now discuss briefly some of the potential advantages of monopolistic market structures. †¢ Lower production costs and increased welfare Under monopoly, greater output and standardization can lead to lower costs. This can lead to economies of scale and scope, which can be passed on to consumers in the form of lower priced products. †¢ Natural monopolies It could be argued that some industries are more efficiently organized as monopolies. Industries such as water, gas, electricity and communications are often referred to as ‘natural monopolies’. A natural monopoly arises when the ratio of the minimum efficient scale to industry size is so large that industries can only support one efficient firm. In natural monopolies, fixed costs form a large part of total costs. If the monopoly is in private hands, the monopolist maximizes profits where marginal costs equal marginal revenues, and produces at output level and charges price. The monopolist makes excess profits equal to the shaded area. If the firm were forced to charge a price that would prevail under competition, it would set price equal to marginal costs and produce at output level. For example, suppose we have a water company that supplies a certain part of the country through a network of pipes. It would be inefficient for a new firm to enter the market, set up its own system of pipes and then start supplying a segment of the market. This is because the level of output the firm produces would yield insufficient revenue to cover total costs. This competition would therefore lead to wasteful duplication (and competition) of systems. †¢ Technical progress Large monopoly profits may be used to finance research and development programmes. Monopoly profits are the reward for successful innovations. These innovations bring welfare gains to society in the form of new products and processes. Furthermore, these monopoly profits will not persist as there will eventually be entry by imitators or patents will lapse, which will eventually dissipate these profits. These assertions have been tested empirically for manufacturing and service industries in a number of countries. †¢ Avoids wasteful forms of competition Monopolies may avoid wasteful forms of competition such as advertising, which are prevalent features of many oligopolistic market structures. Given that monopolists to some extent have a captive market, there is little incentive for monopolies to advertise. In addition, monopolists may also generate a degree of price stability. They may be expert in accurately gauging the level of demand and supply. A monopolist may also be better placed to endure any downturn in the business cycle. Reference: http://classof1.com/homework-help/economics-homework-help/

Relationship between Religion and Voting and Political Behavior Essay

Religion is a powerful and very influential factor in people’s lives. It governs one’s actions, and it is considered when people are faced with difficult decisions. Even in politics, religion has an important role to fill. Various studies have been done in the past to determine the effects that religion has on the voting and political behaviors of people. Consequently, religion affects the voting and political behavior in the following ways: 1) by setting standards that guide believers in the realm of politics; 2) by indirectly leading the congregation in developing a common outlook on political issues; and 3) by serving as a source of motivation. Interestingly, the church (religion) is separated from the state (politics), yet religion is an influential factor with regards to political activities (Bryner). In fact, there are some countries whose religion takes precedence over government policies. For instance, there are countries where policies in reproductive health are being pushed by politicians. However, the church may intervene if it deems that the policies are against the teachings of the church. Religion, as described by Wald and Calhoun-Brown, â€Å"is a specialized institution with a limited public role, and religious affiliation is a matter of personal choice† (8). According to McDaniel, religion â€Å"permeates all aspects of American life,† including social and political lives (1). It has become a very important factor for the United States, compared to other developed countries such as Canada and Britain (McDaniel 3). By Setting Standards that Guide Believers in the Realm of Politics Interestingly, political parties in the United States recognized the power of religion as a political weapon. During campaigns before the election, political candidates used the strategy of appealing first to religious groups to gain their support, otherwise known as God strategy. Republicans are said to be more successful than Democrats in using this strategy (McDaniel 18). Most notably, presidential candidates of the recent elections John McCain, Hillary Clinton, and Barak Obama all expressed the importance of fusing God and the American country (McDaniel 22). However, this God strategy has not just sprouted recently. During the â€Å"Great Awakening† period, political campaigning made use of techniques for mass persuasion, which were originally used through preaching and worship styles. Political wannabes gained their supporters by endorsing parades and tent meetings, even door-to-door campaigning and public declarations. These were the same techniques that evangelists used to convert people into the religion being sponsored (Wald and Calhoun-Brown 42). In addition, past researches showed that churches and religious groups ranked first among other groups in having confidence in major institutions. Mass media, public schools, labor unions, and business fell behind. The most interesting finding is that people believed that Catholic priest are more honest and ethical despite cases of sexual abuse compared to government officials and business leaders. The truth of this finding could be seen in the amount of donations. In 2002 alone, $80 to $90 billion was spent on religious institutions. This indicates that churches are the number one recipient of private philanthropy. A portion of the budget is spent on education, health, community development, and others (Wald and Calhoun-Brown 10). Furthermore, religion affects the political behavior of the public as described by Martin Luther King, Jr. According to him, a religion that is â€Å"true to its nature† is not only concerned about the faith and salvation of the public but also includes social conditions. It means that the public sees religion as an aid against economic and social conditions that cripple it. The public is also confident that religion can aid in making conditions better (McDaniel 31). By Indirectly Leading the Congregation in Developing a Common Outlook on Political Issues Churches serve as political communities. In 1988, a study involved 21 Florida churches which believed that â€Å"the theological climate in the churches contributed strongly to the political conservatism of its members. † The authors stated that theology and practices in a church can lead to cohesion with regards to the political attitudes of the members (McDaniel 8). Past researches all showed one similarity in their results: religion affects the voting and political behavior of the public. In particular, religion has influenced the public’s political views, especially among Americans. For instance, Americans support the candidates based on the latter’s position on moral and social issues (Buras 3) such as homosexuality, abortion, and environmental and economic issues (Gibbs). A research study showing the connection between religiosity and voting behavior would best explain the influence that religion holds on its congregation. The study stated that voters would consider the issues that the candidate supports or does not support. In particular, economics and benefits are among the priorities of voters when choosing for their candidates. This shows that voters would first vote according to what would best benefit them and their group (Gibb). Another study provided evidence on the influence that religion has on the voting behavior of the public. It showed that majority of the respondents under the Evangelical category (70. 2%) registered to vote compared to non-evangelical Christian (65. 7%). The study also revealed that those who attended religious services on a regular basis are more likely to register. Also, 67. 5% of those who registered believed that religion is a very important factor in their lives, whereas 59. 2% expressed that religion is not important (Buras 7). Another issue that voters look into is related to gender. Gibb stated that among women, they would choose to support a candidate or would identify with a certain political party if it supports gender issues that are pressing such as female equality and reproductive rights. In addition, the author mentioned that cultural factors influenced why women support the Democratic Party while men support the Republican Party. The split between men and women in choosing the party to support is attributed to the implementation of newer policies for women’s rights that threatens a society that is largely based on tradition. The study further went deeper by examining factors that influence voting behavior. One of these factors was ideology, which serves as a reflection of the things that a person holds important such as ethnicity and gender (Gibbs). In the United States, religion has a say in how representatives vote. There are also denominations which are united in choosing which candidate to put to power. For example, when it comes to their beliefs about abortion, Jewish groups, along with Mainline denominations, would support pro-choice stances while Catholics and Mormons would support pro-life. In addition, religious denominations support their own candidates, as can be seen through the support of Evangelical Protestants on conservatism while Jews and Catholics support liberalism (Gibb). Additionally, Evangelical Protestants support the Republican Party because they believed that the party’s policies on privatization of social security, defense spending, and tax cuts, among others, subscribe to their beliefs. On the other hand, the Democratic Party supports public welfare, affirmative action, and universal healthcare (â€Å"Religion and its effects on Political Party Affiliation†). Another study involved the question of whether Catholics or Protestants or other religions vote with regards to their moral values. The study showed that more than 45. 5% of Protestants believed that the views of the candidates on moral issues are more important than economic policies. The percentage for Catholic almost reached 28. 6%%. However, other religions (52. 5%) disagreed to the idea that the views of candidates on moral issues are more important than economic policies. Interestingly, the Catholic registered a smaller percentage in agreeing compared to Protestants, as opposed to its strong stance on moral issues such as abortion. However, the Catholics would support the Democratic Party, as it includes economic policies that are aligned to the tenets of Catholicism (â€Å"Religion as a Variable†). Furthermore, several studies showed that evangelicals associate with their preferred parties. For instance, evangelicals would more likely support the Republican Party while non-evangelicals would support the Democratic Party. This shows the connection between the religion and the voting behavior of the public (Gibb). By Serving as Motivation Religious groups participate in politics for varied reasons. One is voice and equality. For instance, when churches support a particular political candidate, it gives the former a voice to encourage the public. It also presents an opportunity for the churches to communicate to the public about their faith and religion. Additionally, political participation sets the stage for equality (McDaniel 9). Religious groups also show that they have the capacity to participate in politics. However, participating means that there are some things required of them. One of these is time. Religious groups must spend a portion of their time to volunteer during campaigns. Another is money as support to the political cause that they endorse. The last thing is verbal skills necessary â€Å"to compose a convincing letter. † As mentioned already, churches serve as voluntary organizations. It means that they would need the assistance and training of members in order to achieve its goals or duties. Furthermore, churches are the best place where one can build skills needed in the political arena (McDaniel 11-12). Aside from capacity, churches have networks of recruitment. They have the ability to mobilize the public into participating in politics through these networks. As such, groups and activist can encourage people to participate in political activities. They also recognize that people â€Å"are more likely to participate when asked† (McDaniel 13). Furthermore, people can enjoy tangible and intangible benefits when they vote. Voting shows their cooperation towards the realization of their goals for the betterment of the country or government. Likewise, religion can be a source for motivation (McDaniel 15-16). Another reason involves the Americans’ journey towards identity that they can found in religion. For many years, Americans resorted to ways in order to improve their situations. By joining in religious activities and political parties, they believe that they can seek identity. Furthermore, several authors of previous studies stated that religious identity is an important factor which gives light to the question regarding people’s reasons for choosing a political party (â€Å"Religion and its effects on Political Party Affiliation†). From the facts and results of previous studies presented, it shows that religion indeed affects the voting and political behavior of the public through several ways. By setting standards that guide believers in the realm of politics, the public determines which candidate or political party to support. In addition, religious congregation that has things in common is more likely to act on their status with regards to political activities. Furthermore, religion serves as motivation for most people to participate in politics.